1. Ibisobanuro by'ingenzi n'imiterere y'imyenda yumutsa ifunze neza

Igitambaro cyumutse gikozwe mu buryo burambuye ni ikintu cy'ingenzi gikoreshwa mu gutwara no kumisha imashini z'impapuro, kandi ni kimwe mu bikoresho by'ingenzi bikozwe muri polyester. Cyane cyane cyakozwe mu buryo buvaimiyoboro ya polyester ifite ubukana bwinshi (PET) n'imiyoboro igororotsebinyuze mu kuboha neza hakoreshejwe ubudodo buvanze n'imigozi, ifite imiterere ikomeye itandukanya imyenda y'umuvuduko wo mu bwoko bwa spiral dryer. Ni kandi icyuma cy'umuvuduko gikoreshwa cyane kandi gihendutse mu nganda zikora impapuro.

Imyenda yumisha ifite ubuziranenge buhanitse ikoresha imigozi ya polyester yo mu rwego rwo hejuru itunganywa binyuze mu buryo bukoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi no kurwanya hydrolysis, itanga ubuziranenge budasanzwe: yihanganira ubushyuhe buri hagati ya 120℃ na 180℃, ihinduka mu buryo busanzwe bw'ubushyuhe n'ubukonje bw'ibice byummisha; irwanya aside na alkali, isaza n'ihindagurika ry'ikirere, ifite ubushyuhe buke mu gihe cy'igihe kirekire; imigozi ifatanye neza ifasha mu gukomera no kwangirika neza, ihura n'ibikenewe mu gihe kirekire mu gukora impapuro.

2. Imiterere y'Inzira n'Ishyirwa mu Bice Bikuru

Imyenda yumisha ikoze mu buryo burambuye ikoresha uburyo bwa kera bwo kubohagusimburana kw'ubudodo bw'ipamba n'ubw'inyundo, ifite imiterere isanzwe y’udupira n’imirongo ifunze neza, ifite imiterere ikomeye cyane ugereranije n’imyenda yoroshye yo kumisha. Igabanyijemo ibice byinshi bishingiye ku buryo bwo kuboha, ubwoko bw’udupira n’imiterere y’ingingo, bikurikiza ibisabwa ku kumisha by’ubwoko butandukanye bw’impapuro n’umuvuduko w’imashini.

2.1 Gushyira mu byiciro hakurikijwe uburyo bwo kuboha (Gushyira mu byiciro by'ingenzi)

• Igitambaro cyumutsa cy'urwego rumwe n'igice (3-Harness Plain Weave): Imiterere yoroheje ifite ubushobozi bwo kwinjira mu mwuka buringaniye kandi ifite ubucucike buhuriweho. Ikwiriye cyane cyane impapuro ntoya zifite uburemere buri munsi ya garama 70, nk'impapuro z'imico, impapuro z'umufuka w'imbuto, impapuro z'ifoto zikoreshwa n'amashanyarazi n'impapuro ntoya, bigatuma iba amahitamo meza ku mishinga yo gukora impapuro ntoya ziciriritse n'iziciriritse.
• Igitambaro cyumutsa gifite imiterere ibiri (Ifite imigozi 4): Iboshywe mu buryo bubiri bw'ubudodo bwo kuzunguruka n'ubwo kuzunguruka, bufite imiterere ikomeye, ikomera cyane, idapfa kwangirika neza, ifite ubushobozi bwo gusohora umwuka mu buryo bwagutse kandi ishobora gutwara imizigo myinshi. Ishobora kwifashishwa mu mpapuro n'impapuro bifite ubunini buri hagati ya garama 70, harimo impapuro zo gupfunyika, linerboard, impapuro zikozwe mu buryo bwa corrugated n'impapuro z'amakarita, ikaba ikubiyemo ibintu byinshi bisanzwe bikorwa mu gukora impapuro.
• Igitambaro cyumutsa cy'umugozi gikozwe mu buryo bwa Flat-Filament: Iboshywe mu migozi ya polyester irambuye, ifite ubuso bworoshye kandi bunini bufatanye, igasiga ibimenyetso bito cyane ku mpapuro. Ni nziza cyane ku mpapuro zikoreshwa mu gutunganya impapuro n'impapuro zipfundikiye, zikenewe cyane kugira ngo ubuso burusheho kumera neza, bube bwiza kandi bugire ubuziranenge bw'impapuro.

2.2 Gushyira mu byiciro hakurikijwe imiterere ihuriweho

Dukurikije ibisabwa mu gushyiraho ibikoresho, imyenda yumisha iraboneka mu migozi, imigozi ipfundikiye, imigozi ipfundikiye, imigozi ipfundikiye n'izindi. Imigozi irakomeye, irarambuye kandi nta ntambwe ndende ifite, bigatuma byoroha kuyishyiraho no guhuza n'ubugari bw'igice cy'umumaro w'ibikoresho bitandukanye by'imashini z'impapuro, bikuraho ibyago byo gushwanyagurika no guhindagurika kw'impapuro mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha.

3. Ibyiza by'ingenzi by'imyenda yumutsa imyenda ifunze neza

Ugereranyije n'imyenda yo kumisha ikoze mu buryo bworoshye kandi bugezweho, imyenda yo kumisha ikoze mu buryo burambuye yabaye "amahitamo rusange" mu nganda zumisha impapuro bitewe n'ukoimiterere ihamye, ubushobozi bwo guhuza ibintu n'ibindi kandi ihendutse, hamwe n'ibyiza by'ingenzi bidasanzwe:

3.1 Imiterere ihamye ifite igipimo gito cyo gutsindwa mu mikorere

Inyubako ikomeye ifatanye ituma imyenda yumutsa iboshye neza kandi idashobora kwangirika cyane, bigatuma idahindagurika cyane, ihindagurika cyangwa igwa mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha. Ifite ibisabwa bike kugira ngo habeho uburyo bwo kugenzura umuvuduko w'ibikoresho byo kugenzura umuvuduko n'ibyuma biyobora, bihuye n'ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gukora impapuro, bigabanya cyane igihe cyo kudakora neza no kuyitunganya no kuyitunganya, kandi bigatuma ikomeza gukora.

3.2 Ubuso bugororotse bufite ubushobozi bwo kumisha bungana

Gutunganya neza uburyo bwo gushyiramo mesh no kwinjira mu mwuka umwe bituma ubushyuhe n'amazi bihinduka mu buryo bumwe mu gihe cyo kohereza impapuro zitose, birinda neza inenge z'impapuro nk'utudomo, ubugari butaringaniye n'ibimenyetso by'ubudozi, biha icyizere cy'uko impapuro zirangiye zigumana ubuziranenge kandi bikuzuza ibisabwa by'ibanze ku rwego rwo kumisha impapuro ku byiciro bitandukanye.

3.3 Ikiguzi cy'ingenzi kandi giciriritse hamwe n'ikiguzi gito cyo gukoresha no kubungabunga

Uburyo bwo kuboha imyenda isanzwe ikuze kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho fatizo bituma ikiguzi cyo kugura kiri hasi ya 15%-30% ugereranyije n'icy'imyenda yumutsa isanzwe ifite imiterere imwe. Iyo isoko ryinjije ibicuruzwa byinshi, biroroshye gusimbuza ibice no kubikora neza. Ubudahangarwa bwiza bwo kwangirika butuma ikora igihe kirekire mu gihe gisanzwe cyo gukora, kandi ikiguzi cyo kuyikoresha cyose kiri hasi cyane ugereranyije n'imyenda yumutsa igezweho, bigatuma iba amahitamo meza ku myenda mito n'iciriritse, iciriritse n'iciriritse.

3.4 Imiterere yagutse y'ikoreshwa n'uburyo buhuriweho n'abantu bose

Imyenda yumisha ikoze mu buryo burambuye itwikira impapuro zose harimo impapuro nto, impapuro nini n'ibibaho, ikoreshwa n'ibikoresho bitandukanye bisanzwe byo kumisha nta mbogamizi zikomeye ku buremere bw'impapuro cyangwa ubwoko bw'ibikoresho. Ikwiriye mu nganda zikora impapuro z'umuco, mu nganda zikora impapuro zo gupfunyika, mu nganda zikora impapuro zo gupfunyika n'ibindi bikoresho, nta mpamvu yo gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye byihariye.

3.5 Idashira kandi Iramba mu bihe bisanzwe by'akazi

Gufata neza imigozi ifatanye n’imigozi byongera imbaraga zo kwangirika kw’imigozi, bigatuma habaho kwihanganira umwanda muke no kwangirika gato mu gice cy’icyuma cyuma. Ntishobora kwangirika vuba mu gace k’icyuma kandi ntishobora kwangirika, kandi nta byangombwa byo gusukura ibidukikije ugereranije n’imyenda y’icyuma cyuma izunguruka, bityo ikaba ijyanye n’imiterere isanzwe y’umusaruro w’impapuro nyinshi.

4. Ibipimo by'ingenzi by'imikorere (Urufunguzo rwo guhitamo)

Amahitamo y'imyenda yumisha ikozwe mu buryo burambuye agomba gushingira ku muvuduko w'imashini ikoresha impapuro, uburemere bw'impapuro n'uburyo zumisha, hibandwa ku bipimo by'ingenzi bikurikira:

• Ubushobozi bwo kwinjira mu kirere: Igice: m³/(m²·h). Hitamo umwuka ugera hagati cyangwa hejuru ku mpapuro nto n'umwuka ugera hagati cyangwa hasi ku mpapuro nini/impapuro kugira ngo uhuze neza imikorere yo gukamura amazi n'uburyo bwo kumisha.
• Guca intege: Ingufu zujuje ibisabwa zo kuzunguruka no gupfunyika kugira ngo harebwe ubushobozi bwo gutwara imitwaro; moderi zikomeye zo mu byiciro bibiri zirakenewe ku mirongo minini yo gukora impapuro.
• Kurekura mu gihe cyo kuruhuka: Ni byiza cyane kuri ≤3% kugira ngo hirindwe guhindagurika kw'imitsi mu gihe cyo gukora.
• Ubugari bw'urushundura: ≤0.5mm/m kugira ngo hirindwe ko impapuro zitangira gushwanyagurika no gushwanyagurika.
• Ubunini n'umurambararo wa Filament: Yatoranijwe hakurikijwe uburemere bw'impapuro; impapuro nini zihinduka nk'imigozi ikomeye n'imyenda minini yumutsa, mu gihe impapuro nto zihinduka nk'imigozi myiza n'imideli yoroheje.

5. Ingero z'ingenzi z'ishyirwa mu bikorwa

Kubera ibyiza byayo rusange, umwenda w'umuvuduko uboshye ukoreshwa cyane mu gukora impapuro no mu mirima ijyanye na zo yumisha, harimo:

• Gukora inyandiko z'umuco: Imirongo yo kumisha yihuta cyane kandi iciriritse ku mpapuro nto nka za offset, impapuro zo kwandikaho n'impapuro zo gukoporora;
• Gukora impapuro zo gupakira no gupakira impapuro: Kumisha impapuro nini n'impapuro nk'urubaho rw'inyuma, impapuro zikozwe mu mabati n'impapuro z'amakarita, bikaba ari amahitamo asanzwe kuri uyu murima;
• Gukora impapuro z'uruti: Kumisha ibice by'impapuro z'ubwiherero zisanzwe n'imirongo y'inyama zo mu maso;
• Ibindi byuma by'inganda: Kumisha bisaba ko ibintu bikosorwa neza, nk'imyenda idafunze, gukuraho amazi mu myanda no kumisha keke ikoresha imiti.

6. Ingingo z'ingenzi zo guhitamo no kubungabunga buri munsi

6.1 Amahame y'Uburyo bwo Guhitamo neza

• Shyira imbere imyenda yumisha ikozwe mu buryo buciriritse n'ubuciriritse ifite umuvuduko wa ＜800m/min;
• Hitamo imyenda iboshye ifite urwego rumwe n'igice ifite imigozi itatu ikoze mu mpapuro nto (<70g) n'indi ifite urwego rubiri ifite imigozi ine ikoze mu mpapuro nini/ikibaho kinini (<70g);
• Hitamo imyenda yumisha ifite imigozi irambuye kandi iboshye ku mpapuro zishobora kwangirika ku bipimo byo hejuru.

6.2 Inama zo kubungabunga buri munsi

• Kugenzura ubukana bw'imikorere no kubungabunga ubukana bumwe kugira ngo wirinde ko uduce tw'imigozi ducika bitewe n'uburemere bw'aho hantu;
• Sukura ubuso bw'urushundura buri gihe ukoresheje amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi n'ibintu byihariye byo gukuraho ibisigazwa by'urushundura n'umwanda, wirinde ko urushundura rufunga rugira ingaruka ku kwinjira k'umwuka;
• Genzura utubumbe duyobora n'ibikoresho byo gukosora icyuho kugira ngo urebe ko imikorere ihamye kandi ugabanye kwangirika kw'ubuso bw'urushundura;
• Irinde gushwanyaguza ubuso bw'urushundura ukoresheje ibintu bityaye; kosora ibyacitse ku nsinga mu gihe gito kugira ngo wirinde ko byangirika.

7. Umwanzuro

Igitambaro cyumutsa gikozwe mu buryo burambuye ni ingenzi cyaneikoreshwa ry'ibanze rusangemu gikorwa cyo kumisha impapuro. Ni yo iyoboye isoko ry’imyenda yumisha impapuro kubera ibyiza byayo by’imiterere ihamye, kumisha kimwe, kugabanya ikiguzi no kwihutisha ibintu mu buryo bwagutse. Ugereranyije n’imyenda yumisha impapuro igezweho, ifite imbogamizi mu mikorere yayo yihuta cyane no mu bwiza bw’impapuro, ariko ihura neza n’ibikenewe n’imirongo isanzwe ikora impapuro, bigatuma iba amahitamo meza ahuza umusaruro, ubwiza bw’ibicuruzwa no kugenzura ikiguzi. Ku bigo bikora impapuro zose ku muvuduko uringaniye n’uri hasi, imyenda yumisha ifunze neza ni yo ihendutse, ifatika kandi yizewe.